How scientists turned plant poisons into medicines - Sanford Burnham Prebys
Institute News

How scientists turned plant poisons into medicines

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

February 9, 2026

Scientists and science communicators detail how caustic compounds meant to deter eaters of plants were harnessed to treat diabetes

The US Food and Drug Administration approved Metformin for use as a diabetes drug more than 30 years ago. This medicinal compound—prescribed to patients to help control high blood sugar—was discovered in nature through a toxic herb found in a variety of medieval remedies.

Sanford Burnham Prebys scientists Ani Deshpande, PhD, and Pamela Itkin-Ansari, PhDrecently released episode six of the Discovery Dialogues Podcast focused on Metformin and other medications with origins as plant poisons. The podcast features surgeon and writer Ambarish Satwik, MD, as well as endocrinologist David Nathan, MD, and Nir Barzilai, MD, a geneticist and longevity researcher. 

The new episode of the Discovery Dialogues Podcast is available on YouTubeSpotify and Apple Podcasts.