Cancer Center Archives - Sanford Burnham Prebys
Institute News

Women in Science Lecture series showcases public health and nutrition policy leader

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

February 23, 2026

The series highlights the groundbreaking work and unique perspectives of women leaders in the biomedical sciences

On February 11, 2026, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute hosted the second event in the Women in Science Lecture Series. The occasion opened with a presentation by Cheryl A.M. Anderson, PhD, MPH, MS, professor and dean of the Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science at the University of California San Diego and director of the UCSD Center of Excellence in Health Promotion and Equity.

Anderson introduced attendees to some of the pivotal findings of her mentors studying the effects of nutrition on public health, including the landmark dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) clinical trial. Because of the challenges in achieving significant heart disease prevention benefits outside of the controlled environments used in studies such as the DASH trial, Anderson was determined to explore other approaches.

“I put together this concept that instead of asking the individual to figure it all out from our dietary recommendations, maybe we could figure out how to have a healthy, sustainable food system,” said Anderson.

“I see a sustainable food system as one that maintains our ability to get lots and lots of nutrition and where you meet the current population’s needs without compromising what future generations might also need.”

In addition to discussing her scientific journey, Anderson provided insight into her experience serving with other experts to provide input into two different iterations of the federal government’s Dietary Guidelines for Americans. These guidelines from the Department of Health and Human Services and Department of Agriculture set the standards for food in federally funded programs such as public school and day care lunches as well as the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) special supplemental nutrition program. Anderson shared her experience working collaboratively to provide science-based counsel in an ecosystem that also contains political considerations such as the interests of industries involved in agriculture and food production.

Angela Liou, MD seated left and Cheryl A.M. Anderson, PhD, MPH, MS right

Anderson (at right) opened the event discussing her career journey focused on how to develop a healthy, sustainable food system. The event also featured a fireside chat and audience question-and-answer session with Anderson and Liou.

Lukas Chavez, PhD, MS, associate professor in the Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys and scientific director of the Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Molecular Tumor Board at Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, then moderated a fireside chat and audience question-and-answer session with Anderson and Angela Liou, MD, physician-scientist and pediatric oncologist with a dual appointment at Rady Children’s Health and the Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys. Topics included: how new scientific insights are translated to reduce population-level health risks or guide care for children facing serious illnesses; how new technologies change the way you conduct research and deliver patient care; what can be done to ensure that scientific discoveries can be equitably accessed and lead to better outcomes for all; and what do future clinicians and scientists need in terms of skills, mindset and institutional support to succeed as public health researchers and physician-scientists.

The Women in Science Lecture Series, featuring quarterly events that are free and open to the public, is part of broader efforts at Sanford Burnham Prebys to foster an environment that nurtures the success of individuals from all backgrounds. The series is hosted by the Office of Workforce Engagement & Belonging and highlights the groundbreaking work and unique perspectives of women leaders in the biomedical sciences, while fostering mentorship and collaboration across the Torrey Pines Mesa.

Registration is open for the next event in the series on May 13, 2026.

Institute News

Cell stress response bears good news and bad news for liver cancer

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

February 12, 2026

Cell stress response protein implicated in cancer progression, yet it also weakens resistance to immunotherapies

Metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes place extra stress on the liver. Liver cells try to protect themselves from the accompanying surge in dysfunctional proteins by activating factors that help restore an appropriate protein balance.

One of these factors is a protein called activating transcription factor 6 alpha (ATF6α) that was recently shown to drive the onset of liver cancer if left permanently active. In a Nature study published February 4, 2026, an international team of scientists demonstrated that activating ATF6α in mice caused liver disease that progressed to liver cancer.

In data from human liver cancer patients, ATF6α activation was linked with more aggressive tumors, a suppressed immune system surrounding tumors and reduced patient survival.

The researchers also uncovered ways that ATF6α might be used to advance the treatment of liver cancer. Liver cells with ATF6α switched off developed fewer tumors. While high ATF6α activity levels were associated with cancer progression, they also were found to make tumors more susceptible to certain immunotherapies.

These findings suggest the need for future clinical trials to test drugs that directly target ATF6α to treat the disease. Additionally, it might prove advantageous to screen liver cancer patients for ATF6α activity to find those most likely to benefit from existing immunotherapies.

Portrait of Randal J. Kaufman, PhD

Randal Kaufman, PhD, is a professor in the Center for Metabolic and Liver Diseases at Sanford Burnham Prebys and a co-corresponding author of the study. Image credit: Sanford Burnham Prebys.

To learn more, read the German Cancer Research Center press release.


Xin Li, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), shares first authorship of the study with co-corresponding author Cynthia Lebeaupin, PhD, principal scientist at Pfizer and former postdoctoral researcher at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute.

The other co-corresponding authors are Dirk Haller, PhD, Technische Universität München; Randal Kaufman, PhD, Sanford Burnham Prebys; and Mathias Heikenwälder, PhD, University of Tübingen and DKFZ.

Institute News

Sanford Burnham Prebys hosts inaugural event in the Women in Science Lecture Series

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

October 21, 2025

The series highlights the groundbreaking work and unique perspectives of women leaders in the biomedical sciences

Susan Tousi, MBA, CEO at DELFI Diagnostics, opened the event by discussing the lessons she learned throughout her career journey. At DELFI Diagnostics, she is leading a team focused on improving the detection of lung cancer. The company’s goal is to make lung cancer screening more accessible through a blood test that is analyzed by applying machine learning and next-generation sequencing.

Prior to this role, Tousi served as a senior vice president for more than 10 years at Illumina, Inc., including as chief commercial officer for three years. During her tenure, she contributed to making genomic sequencing more affordable as the cost of sequencing a single genome fell from more than $5000 in 2013 to $200 in 2023. Tousi also borrowed from her experience developing consumer printers for Eastman Kodak and Hewlett-Packard, emphasizing the importance of making Illumina’s sequencing machines easy to use for clients in research labs, hospitals and clinics.

“My time at Illumina was amazing,” said Tousi. “I had the absolute privilege of seeing our genomic capabilities installed in 155 countries around the world.”

Tousi concluded with her optimism about how technology is transforming healthcare.

“I think we are on the precipice of major shifts in technology with the advancement of AI and where we’ve come with genomics, multiomics and the access to large-scale molecular data,” said Tousi. “I think you know these new technologies like blood-based liquid biopsy testing are going to allow us to find disease earlier, to treat it more precisely and monitor its recurrence across many disease areas.

“This can be the dawn of a new beginning in science and the advancement of healthy lives.”

Susan Tousi and Brooke Emerling

From left: Brooke Emerling, PhD, and Susan Tousi, MBA
Image credit: Sanford Burnham Prebys

Kevin Tharp, PhD, assistant professor in the Cancer Metabolism and Microenvironment Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys, then moderated a fireside chat and audience question-and-answer session with Tousi and Brooke Emerling, PhD, director and associate professor in the Cancer Metabolism and Microenvironment Program. Topics included: different gender-based expectations in scientific fields; the importance of mentorship and paying it forward; dealing with the emotional toll of studying diseases more prevalent in women; and programs providing opportunities for future leaders in science and medicine.

The Women in Science Lecture Series features quarterly events and is part of broader efforts at Sanford Burnham Prebys to foster an environment that nurtures the success of individuals from all backgrounds. The series is hosted by the Office of Workforce Engagement & Belonging and highlights the groundbreaking work and unique perspectives of women leaders in the biomedical sciences, while fostering mentorship and collaboration across the Torrey Pines Mesa.

Women in Science lectures are free and open to the public. Registration is open for the next event in the series on February 11, 2026.

Institute News

Sanford Burnham Prebys expert surveys science on how to treat the most common brain cancer

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

October 6, 2025

New editorial recommends a multimodal perspective examining glioblastoma from tumor biology through to surgery

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant forms of brain cancer. It also is the most common form of cancer that originates in the brain, making research into new and better therapies even more imperative.

Physician–scientist Theophilos Tzaridis, MD, a postdoctoral fellow at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute in the lab of Peter Adams, PhD, recently surveyed promising glioblastoma studies after being invited to serve as a guest editor for a special issue of Frontiers in Oncology and Frontiers in Neurology.

More exact and safe surgeries

Tzaridis highlighted two studies focused on improving surgery for glioblastoma, as it continues to be the primary treatment for the disease. The recent publications discussed how to enhance the use of MRI to map out tumors and surrounding tissue, as well as other innovative mapping and monitoring techniques. These approaches would enable neurosurgeons to create better and safer plans for reducing risk of recurrence and avoiding side effects before starting surgery.

Targeted treatments and immunotherapies

Scientists have sought to add treatment options for glioblastoma beyond surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Some other cancers can be treated with targeted therapies that exploit a unique characteristic of certain tumors, but this approach has yet to yield long-term successes for glioblastoma patients. Tzaridis brought forward a case report of a patient whose tumors were nearly completely cleared by a targeted therapy after chemotherapy was unsuccessful. He suggests that future studies are warranted to identify patient subpopulations that can benefit from these treatments.

Theophilos Tzaridis, MD. Image credit: Sanford Burnham Prebys.

Theophilos Tzaridis, MD, a postdoctoral fellow at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. Image credit: Sanford Burnham Prebys.

Immunotherapies that supercharge the immune system to better detect and eliminate cancer have transformed the treatment of many blood cancers and solid tumors. It has not, however, yet born fruit as an effective treatment for glioblastoma. Tzaridis spotlights a study discussing the potential use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cells in glioblastoma rather than the more common CAR T-cell therapies.

The blood brain barrier and brain cancer biology

In addition to demonstrating how research is contributing to improving existing treatments and finding new potential therapies, Tzaridis emphasized the importance of continued studies of brain cancer cell biology and the obstacle to treatment posed by the blood brain barrier. He highlighted two studies focused on overcoming the blood brain barrier along with another two studies regarding cellular models and the use of extracellular vesicles to package and deliver treatments.

“With a multimodal perspective from addressing challenges in neurosurgery to improving our understanding of tumor biology and achieving therapeutic delivery into the brain, we have the best chance of improving survival of patients with this devastating disease,” said Tzaridis.

Institute News

Xueqin Sun awarded $600,000 V Foundation grant to study one of the most common and deadly brain cancers

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

September 29, 2025

The new award will fund research regarding a hidden weakness in glioblastoma tumors that could lead to a new treatment

Xueqin (Sherine) Sun, PhD, was awarded a three-year, $600,000 V Foundation for Cancer Research grant to study glioblastoma, one of the most common and deadly brain cancers.

Sun will use the award to follow up on her lab’s research regarding a hidden weakness in glioblastoma tumors that could lead to a new treatment. Her team will focus on tumor protein 53, or p53, which normally prevents tumors by detecting DNA damage so it can be repaired, or the cell can self-destruct.

“Think of p53 as the body’s security guard that protects against cancer,” said Sun. In glioblastoma tumors, however, p53 often is unable to do its job.

In nearly three out of every four glioblastoma tumors, another protein called bromodomain-containing protein 8 (BRD8) locks up p53, preventing a key piece of the body’s natural defense mechanisms from fighting back against the growing threat.

“We discovered a way to break apart BRD8, which could free up p53 and let it fight the cancer again,” said Sun.  

The Sun lab will test this approach using lab-grown glioblastoma cells and mini-brain tumor models created from patient samples.

“Our goal is to advance this approach that may lead to new therapeutic strategies for patients facing this devastating disease,” said Sun.

The V Foundation for Cancer Research was founded in 1993 by ESPN and the late Jim Valvano, North Carolina State University basketball coach, ESPN commentator and member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. The V Foundation has funded nearly $400 million in cancer research grants in North America.

Institute News

How a Holocaust survivor transformed blood sugar testing

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

September 24, 2025

Scientists and podcasters discuss how a scientist saved from a World War II concentration camp became a prolific inventor and revolutionized diabetes care

Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute scientists Ani Deshpande, PhD, and Pamela Itkin-Ansari, PhD, recently released the fifth episode of their podcast exploring groundbreaking discoveries in science and medicine.

The new episode introduces listeners to 92-year-old Adam Heller, PhD, a Holocaust survivor, scientist and engineer who helped change how patients suffering from diabetes test their blood sugar levels. Diabetic patients have had to draw small samples of blood, often from the tips of their fingers, as often as five times a day to monitor their blood sugar since self-testing technology became available in the late 1970s. In 2000, Heller invented a painless continuous glucose monitor (CGM) that did not require patients to draw and test their own blood to calibrate the device. His inventions became the core technology of the FreeStyle LibreTM, Abbott’s CGM that entered the U.S. health care market in 2018.

screenshot of ni Deshpande and  Pamela Itkin-Ansari speaking on podcast

The new episode of The Discovery Dialogues Podcast is available on YouTube, Spotify and Apple Podcasts.

In addition to simplifying self-monitoring for patients and providing more comprehensive data to physicians, studies have shown that diabetic patients with CGMs have lower hemoglobin A1c levels and less frequently have blood sugar concentrations that are too low or too high. Data from industry estimates that 2.4 million patients were using CGMs in 2023. The adoption of CGMs is likely to increase quickly as the market for these devices is expected to nearly triple by 2031, in part due to the Food and Drug Administration approval of the first over-the-counter CGM in 2024.

In March 2025, Deshpande and Itkin-Ansari launched The Discovery Dialogues Podcast. We sat down with them in May to learn about what motivated these scientists and podcasters to create a podcast and focus their first series on diabetes.

Their new episode is available on YouTube, Spotify and Apple Podcasts.

Institute News

From lab insight to patient impact: Physician–scientist Theophilos Tzaridis on advancing treatments for pediatric brain tumors

AuthorCommunications
Date

September 18, 2025

Recipient of the Fishman Awards: Cynthia Schwartz Shenkman Research Excellence Fishman Award Theo Tzaridis discusses his work on pediatric brain tumors, why rigorous preclinical science matters, and how donor support accelerates discoveries.

Established in 2024, the Cynthia Schwartz Shenkman Research Excellence Fishman Award is unique in nature because it recognizes a Sanford Burnham Prebys postdoc for their outstanding biomedical research contributions and demonstrated track record of research excellence.

What’s your current role and focus at Sanford Burnham Prebys?
I’m a physician–scientist studying pediatric brain tumors. I focus on diffuse midline glioma (DMG). I joined Rob Wechsler-Reya’s group at the institute and benefited from him as an amazing mentor and his expertise in mouse modeling of brain tumors tremendously. After Rob moved institutions, I joined Peter Adams’s lab. Peter’s aging and cancer perspective gives my immunotherapy work a fresh lens and he is a truly spectacular mentor. We’ve built a DMG “niche” in the lab and I’ve deepened my in vivo skills, which are essential for translating ideas toward the clinic.

What drew you into oncology and neurology?
Even in high school I was fascinated by how a cell can go “crazy”, grow uncontrollably and form a tumor. Medicine let me pair that curiosity with real patient impact. My MD thesis work in Heidelberg, Germany, suggested an old chemotherapy could reactivate a tumor suppressor which paved the way for a clinical trial. During my neurology residency in Bonn, Germany, I helped plan, analyze, and published results from  a clinical trial that became the first positive glioblastoma study in 14 years. Those experiences were very rewarding and cemented my focus on translational research.

You mentioned that your approach to immunotherapy starts with “back to basics.” What does that mean?
Many brain tumor trials borrowed targets from other cancers without confirming those targets exist in the brain tumor microenvironment. We went back to basics, systematically profiled immune checkpoint molecules present in DMG and found CD155 (also called the poliovirus receptor) consistently expressed across models and patient samples. That points to smarter targeting rather than one-size-fits-all strategies.

How has the Institute’s environment shaped your work?
The culture at Sanford Burnham Prebys is genuinely team oriented. Core facilities (flow cytometry, mouse) are exceptional partners in experimental design. We also engage in a cross-institution “Brain Tumor Club” on the Mesa and contribute data to a molecular tumor board that informs real treatment decisions. In one case, marker data I generated supported a physician’s plan to pursue a personalized immune therapy known as CAR T-cells for a child which was an incredibly meaningful moment.

Any notable collaborations beyond campus?
Yes. Our in vivo expertise enabled joint studies with Emory University, including work on small molecules for pediatric brain tumors. We have also collaborated with Columbia University and the Dana Farber Institute. These multi-site projects help validate findings independently which is critical in pediatrics where patient numbers are limited.

How did the Fishman Awards affect your trajectory?
The Fishman Career Development Award I received in 2023, and the Cynthia Schwartz Shenkman Research Excellence Fishman Award I recently received provided fuel at key moments. The Fishman Career Development Award sent me to the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) conference in 2024, where I met a company carrying the only clinical-grade antibody to my target; after an MTA, we’re now testing it here. I also attended the La Jolla Immunology Conference and received a best oral presentation award which is validation that stretching into complex immunology is worth it. Importantly, the Fishman Award application process itself which includes writing, presenting, getting feedback, built resilience and sharpened my vision.

Where do you want to take this next?
I aim to lead an independent lab tightly linked to a clinical trials unit. Success requires basic scientists and clinicians at the same table from day one, plus rigorous preclinical “homework” to identify the subgroups most likely to benefit before launching trials. It’s harder, but in the long run it saves precious time and resources and gives patients better odds.

What is life like outside the lab?
I’m a dad of two, so there is hardly time for anything, but we try to do hikes and some beach time. San Diego’s landscapes are a gift. Before kids I did theater; these days, I read when I can, and we take short family adventures (Anza-Borrego is a favorite).

Is there anything you’d like supporters to know?
Your support is more than funding, it’s belief. At a time when the value of science may be questioned, you’re helping researchers communicate clearly, collaborate widely, and move ideas toward children who can’t wait. The Fishman Awards exemplify that: they strengthen science and the storytelling that brings people along. Thank you.

Institute News

Preuss School interns wrap up unforgettable research experience

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

August 4, 2025

Aspiring biomedical researchers and health care professionals gained hands-on research training during three weeks at Sanford Burnham Prebys

On Friday, July 25, 2025, the Sanford Burnham Prebys community celebrated the contributions of six high school student interns from the Preuss School. Located on the University of California San Diego campus in La Jolla, the Preuss School educates students striving to be first-generation college graduates.

Participants in the Preuss internship program gained valuable hands-on research experience over three weeks. This program is generously funded by Peggy and Peter Preuss, and Debby and Wain Fishburn.

The students were split into teams of three to complete complementary experiments while studying the common fruit fly.

“The interns have learned biological concepts and experimental techniques, and also participated in career development workshops,” said Yuk-Lap (Kevin) Yip, PhD, a professor and the interim director of the Center for Data Sciences at Sanford Burnham Prebys, during the July 25 capstone presentation.

“Over the course of just three weeks, they have learned about how an unhealthy diet will affect the health of fruit flies.”

The interns discussed what attracted them to the program and presented the results of their experiments.

“I chose this program because I wanted to learn more about biology and the biomedical research field,” said intern Ahmed Ahmed.

Preuss Interns conducting experiment using fruit flies, pipetting in the lab

Image credit: Sanford Burnahm Prebys.

“I want to become a forensic scientist,” said intern Mia Gidey. “I know I need to have hands-on lab experience, so this program was really beneficial for me.” 

“This program has helped me develop a better understanding of what I would like to pursue as a career,” said intern Joshua Hernandez.

In addition to studying the effects of high-fat and high-sugar diets on fruit flies, the participant teams also had the opportunity to learn additional research techniques during workshops.

Preuss Interns conducting experiment using fruit flies, pipetting in the lab

Image credit: Sanford Burnahm Prebys.

“We were able to conduct flow cytometry experiments with our mentor, Theo Tzaridis,” said intern Bella Dinh. Flow cytometry is a technology that analyzes single cells or particles as they flow past one or more lasers while suspended in a fluid. The interns used the technique to examine proteins on the surfaces of cancer cells that affect the activity of immune cells and the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

“Our group took part in an STK4 inhibitor screening workshop with our mentor, Josh Minyard,” said intern Daniela Ledesma. The participants learned about the drug discovery and development process and went hands-on to compare the efficiency and potency of three drug candidates.

“Thank you so much to everybody that helped us throughout this journey,” said intern Kenia Avila. “We appreciate all of you and we are so grateful for everything that you’ve done.”

Katya Marchetti, a graduate student at Sanford Burnham Prebys and coordinator of the 2025 Pruess internship program, provided closing remarks following the interns’ capstone presentations.

“I am just completely blown away by how incredible every single one of you are,” said Marchetti. “Beyond the techniques and protocols you learned, I hope that you walk away from this summer with a better idea of what you might want to pursue as a career as well as the ability to think like a scientist.”

Institute News

Ani Deshpande promoted to professor in the Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys

AuthorGreg Calhoun
Date

July 16, 2025

The newly promoted scientist will continue studying how blood cancers sabotage stem cells’ special features to grow and spread

As of July 1, 2025, Ani Deshpande, PhD, was promoted to professor in the Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys.

The Deshpande lab studies developmental processes in stem cells that get hijacked by cancer, focusing specifically on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), one of the most common types of blood cancer. Several attributes of normal stem cells, including the ability to self-renew, are known to be co-opted or reactivated by cancer cells.

In addition, Deshpande collaborates within and beyond the institute on several large categories of AML research, including studying the genetics of AML, studying how the disease works in animal models and working to develop drugs that can target specific mutations associated with the disease, which are numerous.

“AML has many different subtypes, so it’s been difficult for researchers to make major advances to treat all cases of AML,” said Deshpande. “Most patients with AML are given the same treatments that have been used since the 1970s, which is why we want to look at AML from as many angles as possible.”

Deshpande joined the institute in 2015 and was promoted to associate professor in 2022. Prior to arriving at Sanford Burnham Prebys, he held positions at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School. Recently, Deshpande and colleague Pamela Itkin-Ansari, PhD, launched The Discovery Dialogues Podcast, which explores  groundbreaking discoveries in science and medicine.

“I’m deeply grateful for the incredible support of my trainees, mentors and colleagues,” said Deshpande. “And for all who made this scientific journey so meaningful and worthwhile.”

Institute News

PERCEPTION proves a predictable NCI milestone

AuthorScott LaFee
Date

May 9, 2025

PERCEPTION is the acronym for PERsonalized Single-Cell Expression-Based Planning for Treatments In Oncology, an artificial intelligence-based tool that, in findings first reported last year, was able to predict tumor response to targeted therapy using single-cell datasets.

The work, published in Nature Cancer, is the result of first study author Sanju Sinha, PhD, assistant professor in the Cancer Metabolism and Microenvironment Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys, with senior authors Eytan Ruppin, MD, PhD, and Alejandro Schaffer, PhD, at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, and colleagues.

Recently, the NCI’s Center for Cancer Research highlighted PERCEPTION in its 2024-2025 annual Milestones report.

The researchers said PERCEPTION not only helped predict which anti-cancer drugs are most effective for individual patients, but also tracked the evolution of drug resistance over the course of the disease and treatment — something never before achieved.

“A tumor is a complex and evolving beast. Using single-cell resolution can allow us to tackle both of these challenges, Sinha said when their findings were published. “PERCEPTION allows for the use of rich information within single-cell omics to understand the clonal architecture of the tumor and monitor the emergence of resistance.” (In biology, omics refers to the sum of constituents within a cell.)

“The ability to monitor the emergence of resistance is the most exciting part for me. It has the potential to allow us to adapt to the evolution of cancer cells and even modify our treatment strategy.”

PERCEPTION was previously named among the National Institutes of Health director’s highlights for 2024.